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BUSTAMANTE, Anastasio, president of Mexico, born in JiquilpAn, in the state of Michoacan, 27 July, 1780; died in San Miguel de Allende, 6 February, 1853. He was family physician to Don Felix Maria Calleja, military governor at San Luis Potosi, who in 1808 gave him a commission in the San Luis regiment of militia, composed of the sons of the wealthy. He served in all the campaigns in which Calleja commanded till 1819, gaining distinction especially in the battles of Aculco, Guanajuato, and Calderdn, and at the siege of Cuautla in 1812, and rising to the rank of colonel. In 1820, having gained the confidence of Hurbide, he was made chief commander of the cavalry, and in 1821 member of the provisional junta. He was shortly afterward raised to the rank of field-marshal by the regency, and appointed captain-general of the eastern and western provinces of the interior. In April, 1822, he gained a signal victory over the remaining Spanish forces near Juchi. After the death of the Emperor Hurbide, having taken sides with the federal party, the government of Victoria appointed him anew military governor of the provinces of the interior, with the rank of general of division, then the highest in the Mexican army. In 1829 he headed the revolution, and proclaimed the plan of Jalapa toward the end of the same year; and the first day of the following year found him vice-president of the republic and exercising the supreme executive power. In 1832, a new revolution having taken place under Santa Anna, Bustamante resigned the presidency. In 1833 he was exiled and visited the principal countries of Europe, but especially France, where he resided till 1836, when the government after the fall of Santa Anna recalled him. He was reelected president of the republic, and as such began his functions on 19 April, 1837, his administration continuing until 22 September, 1841. He then set out anew for Europe, and remained there till 1845. The next year he was appointed president of the congress, the last important office that he filled. The republic had been prosperous under his administration.
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