SADTLER, Benjamin, clergyman, born in Baltimore, Maryland, 25 December, 1823. He was graduated at Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg, in 1842, and at the theological seminary there in 1844, and was successively pastor of Lutheran churches at Pine Grove, Pennsylvania, in 1845-'9; Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, in 1849-'53; Middletown, Pennsylvania, in 1853-'6; and Easton, Pennsylvania, in 1856-'62. In the last year he became principal of the Ladies' seminary at Lutherville, Maryland, and in 1875 he accepted the presidency of Muhlenberg college, Allentown, Pennsylvania He occupied this post until 1886, when, disabled for life by a fall on the ice, he was compelled to abandon the work. In 1867 he received the degree of D.D. from Pennsylvania college. He was a trustee of that institution in 1862-'77, and has held many offices of honor and trust in his church. He is a frequent contributor to the periodicals of his denomination, and has published numerous baccalaureate discourses and addresses, including "A Rebellious Nation Reproved" (Easton, Pennsylvania, 1861), and "The Causes and Remedies of the Losses of her Population by the Lutheran Church in America" (Philadelphia, 1878).--His eldest son, Samuel Philip, chemist, born in Prine Grove, Pennsylvania, 18 July, 1847, was graduated at Pennsylvania college in 1867, studied at Lehigh university in 1867-'8, and was graduated at the Lawrence scientific school of Harvard in 1870 with the degree of S.B. He then studied chemistry at the University of Gottingen, where in 1871 he received the degree of Ph. D. for original researches on iridium salts. On his return he held the professorship of natural science in Pennsylvania college until 1874, when he accepted the chair of general and organic chemistry in the University of Pennsylvania. This place he still holds, and also that of professor of chemistry in the Philadelphia college of pharmacy, to which he was appointed in 1879. Professor Sadtler again visited Europe in 1885 for the purpose of inspecting laboratories of applied chemistry in England and on the continent, and on his return made a report of his observations to the trustees of the University of Pennsylvania for their guidance in organizing a laboratory of industrial chemistry. He is a fellow of the Chemical societies of London and Berlin, of the American association for the advancement of science, and of other societies in the United States. Since 1879 he has furnished each month notes on chemistry to the "American Journal of Pharmacy." Dr. Sadtler was chemical editor of the American reprint of the ninth edition of the "Encyclo-pwdia Britannica " (Philadelphia, 1880-'4), and, with Joseph P. Remington and Horatio C. Wood, edited the fifteenth and sixteenth editions of the "United States Dispensatory" (1882-'8), having entire charge of the chemical part of that work. Besides numerous addresses and lectures, he has published " Handbook of Chemical Experimentation for Lecturers" (Louisville, 1877), and edited the eighth edition of Attfield's "Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry" (Philadelphia, 1879). SAFFOLD, Reuben, jurist, born in Wilkes county, Georgia, 4 September, 1788; died in Dallas county, Alabama, 15 February, 1847. After practising law in Georgia he removed to Jackson, Alabama, in 1813. During the Indian troubles he commanded a volunteer company, and he subsequently served several terms in the legislature of Mississippi territory. He was a member of the State constitutional convention in 1819, was made a circuit judge, and was one of the three judges that were appointed to the supreme bench in 1832, serving as chief justice in 1835-'6.