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Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson, John Fiske and Stanley L. Klos. Six volumes, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887-1889 and 1999. Virtualology.com warns that these 19th Century biographies contain errors and bias. We rely on volunteers to edit the historic biographies on a continual basis. If you would like to edit this biography please submit a rewritten biography in text form . If acceptable, the new biography will be published above the 19th Century Appleton's Cyclopedia Biography citing the volunteer editor.

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Bernardino De (kar'-day-nas) Cardenas

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CARDENAS, Bernardino de (kar'-day-nas), Peruvian bishop, born in Chuquisaca, Peru, early in the 17th century; died in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Peru, in 1668. He entered the order of St. Francis when quite young, and soon gained distinction for his talent as a preacher and success as a missionary.

He was made bishop of Assumption in Paraguay in 1643. He resented the efforts of the Jesuits to keep Spaniards, as well as other Europeans, out of their missions, and accused them of plotting to free the Indians from their subjection to the king of Spain. The Jesuits defended themselves and succeeded in bringing Cardenas into odium with the Spanish authorities. He was not discouraged, however, but by his writings excited the other South American bishops against the Jesuits.

The court of Madrid, to which both parties appealed, sent out commissioners, who had much difficulty in arranging matters. The details of the quarrel may be read in Charlevoix's "History of Paraguay." Cardenas was translated to the bishopric of Popayan, but excused himself on account of his great age. However, in 1666 he consented, from a desire of peace, to accept that of Santa Cruz de la Sierra.

His principal works are "Manuel y Relación de las Cosas del Perú" (Madrid, 1634): "Historia Indiana et Indigenarum"; and a "Memorial presented to the King of Spain for the Defense of Don Bernardino Cárdenas against the Jesuits." A hundred years after the death of Cardenas was published his "Documentos tocantes a la Persecución que los Regulares de la Companía de Jesus suseitaron contra Don Bernardino de Cárdenas, Obispo del Paraguay" (Madrid, 1768).

CARDENAS, Bernardino de (kar'-day-nas), Peruvian bishop, born in Chuquisaca, Peru, early in the 17th century; died in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Peru, in 1668. He entered the order of St. Francis when quite young, and soon gained distinction for his talent as a preacher and success as a missionary. He was made bishop of Assumption in Paraguay in 1643. He resented the efforts of the Jesuits to keep Spaniards, as well as other Europeans, out of their missions, and accused them of plotting to free the Indians from their subjection to the king of Spain. The Jesuits defended themselves and succeeded in bringing Cardenas into odium with the Spanish authorities. He was not discouraged, however, but by his writings excited the other South American bishops against the Jesuits. The court of Madrid, to which both parties appealed, sent out commissioners, who had much difficulty in arranging matters. The details of the quarrel may be read in Charlevoix's "History of Paraguay." Cardenas was translated to the bishopric of Popayan, but excused himself on account of his great age. However, in 1666 he consented, from a desire of peace, to accept that of Santa Cruz de la Sierra. His principal works are "Manuel y Rela-cion de las Cosas del Peru" (Madrid, 1634) : "Historia Indiana et Indigenarum" ; and a "Memorial presented to the King of Spain for the Defence of died Bernardino Cardenas against the Jesuits." A hundred years after the death of Cardenas was published his "Documentos tocantes a la Perse-cucion que los Regulares de la Compania de Jesus suseitaron contra Don born de Cardenas, Ebispo del Paraguay" (Madrid, 1768).

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