ANDRADA E SYLVA, Bonifacio Joze d' (an-drah'-da), Brazilian statesman, born in Santos, 13 June 1765; died near Rio de Janeiro, 6 April 1838. Under the patronage of the Lisbon royal academy he traveled in Europe, studying in Paris under Lavoisier, at the mining school of Frieberg under Werner, and at Pavia under Volta. In 1800 he became professor of metallurgy and geognosy at Coimbra, and soon afterward general intendant of the Portuguese mines. He took an active part in the construction of canals and public works, and in 1812 was named perpetual secretary of the Lisbon academy of sciences. He returned to Brazil in 1819, and became one of the champions of national independence. As vice-president of the provincial junta (24 December 1821) he urged Dora Pedro I. to remain in Brazil, became his minister of the interior (16 January 1822), was removed from his office 25 October but reinstated 30 October at the request of the people, and was finally displaced 17 July 1823, on account of his liberalism. In the constituent assembly his opposition became so bitter that after its dissolution (12 November 1823) he was banished to France, and lived in Bordeaux till 1829, when he returned to Brazil. Dom Pedro I., abdicating 7 April 1831, in favor of Dom Pedro [I., selected Andrada as the latter's guardian and tutor. In 1833 he was tried on a charge of intriguing for the restoration of Dom Pedro I., was acquitted, but was deprived of his place and restrained of his liberty. He wrote on mineralogy, and published " Poesias d'America Elysea" (Bordeaux, 1825). His brothers, Antonio Carlo and Martim Francisco d'Andrada, were prominent in Brazilian politics and shared his fate. The latter, born in Santos in 1776, died there 23 February 1844, left two sons: Jose Bonifacio, author of "Rosas e goivos" (Sao Paulo, 1849); and Martim Francisco, author of "Lagrimas e sorrisos" (Rio, 1847), and of the drama " Januario Garcia" (1849).