MORFIT, Campbell, chemist, born in Herculaneum, Missouri, 19 November, 1820. He was educated at Columbian university, Georgetown, D. C., but before graduation took up the study of chemistry in the private laboratory of James C. Booth, in Philadelphia. Subsequently he entered a laboratory for the manufacture of commercial chemicals, and in time became its owner, receiving for his products medals from the American and Franklin institutes. Meanwhile he originated the chemical department of the Maryland institute, but declined to take charge of it, and in 1854 became professor of applied chemistry in the University of Maryland, where he remained for four years. In 1858 he went to New York, and there followed his profession until 1861, when he removed to London, England, where he now resides. His work while in the United States included researches in guanos, salts, sugars, the analyses of coals, gum mesquite, and glycerine, accounts of which he published in the scientific journals of the time, but since his residence abroad he has devoted more attention to the improvement of technical processes, notably in the preparation of condensed food rations, the manufacture of paper, the refining of oils, and other similar work. During the Native-American riots in Philadelphia he held the office of major of the 2d brigade, and he received the honorary degree of M. D. from the University of Maryland. He is a member of scientific societies, and is a fellow of the Chemical society of London, and of the Institute of chemistry. Besides writing numerous scientific papers, he was joint author with James C. Booth of a report to the ordnance department on "Gun Metal " in 1853, from investigations by him in a laboratory that he established on his own plan at Pikesville arsenal, Maryland Dr. Morfit published " Chemistry as applied to the Manufacture of Soaps and Candles" (Philadelphia, 1847) ; "Chemical and Pharmaceutical Manipulations" (1848) ; a revision of the American edition of Noad's" Chemical Analysis" (1849) ; "Progress of Chemical Arts," with Dr. James C. Booth (Washington, 1851); "The Arts of Tanning and Currying" (Philadelphia, 1852); " Perfumery, its Use and Manufacture" (1853); "Oleic Soaps" (London, 1871) ; and " Pure Fertilizers and Phosphates" (1873). He was also co-editor with Dr. Booth of the "Encyclopaedia of Chemistry" (1851).--His brother, Clarence, chemist, born in Washington, D. C., 16 May, 1828, studied chemistry with James C. Booth (q. v.) in Philadelphia, with whom he was connected in the United States mint. Subsequently he filled the office of assistant melter and refiner in the United States assay office in New York city for seven years. Meanwhile he was also associated with his brother in his analytical work in New York city, and was joint author with his brother of the second edition of "Chemical and Pharmaceutical Manipulations" (Philadelphia, 1857).