OLIVEIRA, Candido Baptista de (o-lee-vay'-c-rah), Brazilian statesman, born in Porto Alegre, 15 February, 1801" died at sea, 26 May, 1865. He studied in the Seminary of Rio Janeiro in 1817-'20, but, not feeling inclined to enter the priesthood, went in the la, Her year to Coimbra, where he was graduated in mathematics in 1824. He then went to Lisbon, mid in 1825 to Paris to attend the polytechnic school, where he gained the friendship of Arago. On his return to Rio Janeiro in 1827 he was appointed teacher at the military academy, and became shortly afterward professor of mechanics. In 1830 he was elected deputy to the general assembly, and in 1831 he was appointed inspector-general of the national treasury. He reformed that depart-meat and its dependencies, introducing the use of stereometry, till then unknown in the customhouse, a new formula for measuring vessels for the payment of anchorage dues, and systematized weights and measures. In 1836 he was appointed minister resident in Turin, but remained only a few months, and in 1837 returned to his place as inspector of the treasury. In April, 1839, he was called to take the portfolio of the treasury and foreign relations, and in 1840 and 1843 he was sent on diplomatic missions to St. Petersburg and Vienna. In 1844 he was recalled, and resumed his place in the military academy, and from 22 May, 1847, to March, 1848, he was secretary of the navy, where he introduced many reforms and organized the corps of marines. During 1848-'9 he was commissioned to execute a topographical exploration of the southern frontier of the empire, and in 1851 he was appointed director of the Botanical garden of Rio Janeiro, and was elected vice-president of the Historical and geographical society of Brazil. He afterward sailed for Europe in quest of health, and died on board the French mail-steamer before arriving in Bahia. He wrote "Systema Financial do Brazil" (St. Petersburg, 1842).