GAYARRE, Charles Etienne Arthur, historian, born in New Orleans, Louisiana, 9 January 1805. He was educated at the College of New Orleans. In 1825, the draft of a criminal code having been laid before the state legislature by Edward Livingston, Gayarre published a pamphlet opposing some of its provisions, particularly that relating to the abolition of capital punishment. He went to Philadelphia in 1826, studied law, and was admitted to the bar there in 1829, returning to New Orleans in 1830. In the same year he was elected to the legislature, and was chosen by that body to write an address complimenting the French chambers on the revolution of 1830. He was appointed deputy attorney general of the state in 1831, and in 1833 presiding judge of the City court of New Orleans. In 1835 he was elected to the United States senate, but impaired health prevented his taking his seat, and he went to Europe, where he remained for nearly eight years. In 1844 he again entered the state legislature, and was re-elected in 1846. He was appointed secretary of state in the latter year and again in 1850, retaining the office for seven years. In 1853 Judge Gayarre was an unsuccessful independent candidate for congress. During the civil war he espoused the cause of the seceding states, and in 1863 delivered an address urging the arming of the slaves and their emancipation, conditioned on the recognition of the Confederacy by France and England. Since the war he has been for some time reporter of the state Supreme Court. His historical works comprise the "Histoire de la Louisiane" (2 vols., New Orleans, 1847);" Romance of the History of Louisiana" (New York, 1848); "Louisiana, its Colonial History and Romance" (New York, 1851); "Louisiana, its history as a French Colony" (2 vols., 1851-'2) ; and" History of the Spanish Domination in Louisiana from 1769 to December, 1803" (1854). The complete "History of Louisiana," revised and brought down to 1861, afterward appeared (3 vols., 1866). He is the author of " Philip II. of Spain," a biography, with an introduction by George Bancroft (New York, 1866); "Fernando de Lemos, Truth and Fiction," a novel (1872); and "Aubert Dubayet," sequel to the foregoing (Boston, 1882). He has also published a drama, "The School for Politics" (1854), "Dr. Bluff," a comedy in two acts, and several literary and political addresses, among which are two lectures on "The Influence of the Mechanic Arts."