JACKSON, Charles Loring, chemist, born in Boston, Massachusetts, 4 April, 1847. He was graduated at Harvard in 1867, and in 1868 was appointed assistant in chemistry there. Three years later he became assistant professor of chemistry, and in 1881 was made full professor. Meanwhile he visited Germany, and in 1873 studied in Heidelberg under Bunsen, and later in Berlin under Hofmann. He is a member of the American academy of arts and sciences, and in 1883 was elected to membership in the National academy of sciences. His original investigations began in 1874, while in Berlin, with researches on the organic selenium compounds. From 1875 till 1883 he was engaged in work on the substituted benzyl compounds, which he described in a series of about twelve papers. During 1882-'3 he was engaged in the study of certain compounds obtained from turmeric, comprising the determination of the composition of curcumine, the coloring principle, and its relation to vanillin with the discovery of turmerol, the alcohol to which turmeric owes its taste and smell. He discovered in 1883-'4 a new method for the preparation of borneol from camphor, which is considered the best method that has been found as yet. In 1885 he published a new method for preparing organic fluorine compounds, and in 1887 his researches included a new and simple method of making the higher sulphonic acids. The present knowledge of the haloid benzyl compounds is due almost exclusively to his investigations, which have been variously published, and includes some thirty-eight titles in all. His "Lecture Notes in Chemistry" (1878) have been printed privately.