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Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson, John Fiske and Stanley L. Klos. Six volumes, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887-1889 and 1999. Virtualology.com warns that these 19th Century biographies contain errors and bias. We rely on volunteers to edit the historic biographies on a continual basis. If you would like to edit this biography please submit a rewritten biography in text form . If acceptable, the new biography will be published above the 19th Century Appleton's Cyclopedia Biography citing the volunteer editor




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Charles Turgis de St. Etienne Tour

TOUR, Charles (or CLAUDE) Turgis de St. Etienne, Sieur de la, born in France; died in Nova Scotia after 1635. While on his way to the latter, country in 1629 to join his son, who held command of the fort at Cape Sable, he was captured by the English and carried as a prisoner to London. He married a lady of rank at the English court, and was made a baronet of Nova Scotia. He was won over to the English government by this honor, and promised to put them in possession of the post that his son held in Acadia. On this assurance two war vessels were given him, and he embarked with his wife in 1630. His efforts to persuade his son to surrender failed, and an attack on the fortress was repelled. He thus found himself in a position of great difficulty; he could not return to either England or France, and finally decided, with the consent of his wife, to throw himself on the mercy of his son. The latter replied that he would cheerfully give him an asylum, but could not permit him to enter his forts. With the consent of the English commander, he landed with his wife and servants. A house was built for him at some distance from the fort by his son, who took care of his support. The Sieur Denys says, in his " Description geographique," that he met La Tour and his family there about 1635, and that they were very comfortably situated.-His son, Charles Amador de St. Etienne, born in France; died in Nova Scotia about 1665, was made commandant of Fort St. Louis at Cape Sable, and a part of the peninsula was bequeathed to him by Biencourt Poutrincourt. His resistance to the attack of the English under his father in 1630 has been described. Two ships arrived shortly afterward from France to support him. He was made in February, 1631, lieutenant-general of Acadia, where his authority was limited to Fort St. Louis and Port de la Tour, and wrote a letter to his father urging him to return to his duty. Some time before this he had founded Fort Pentagoet, on Penobscot bay, near the present Castine, Maine After the restoration of Acadia to France in 1632 he received important grants on the St. John's river, where he founded settlements in 1635, and in 1638 he was not only secured in these possessions, but was made lieutenant-general on the coast of Acadia from the middle of the main-land of the Bay of Fundy to Camceaux, as well as what is now known as Nova Scotia. Complaints were made of him about this time to the French court, which appears to have suspected his loyalty. On 13 February, 1641, Aulnay de Charnise, his bitter enemy, obtained an order to arrest him and send him to France. But De la 'Pour, who commanded a body of soldiers that were fully equal in numbers and devotion to those of Charnise, refused to surrender. The latter went to France toward the end of the year, and obtained a new commission on 22 February, 1642, and additional powers. Meanwhile, De la Tour invoked the a, id of John Winthrop, governor of Massachusetts, and entered Boston harbor in an armed vessel on 12 April, 1643. After several discussions, some of them on religious subjects, he was allowed to raise volunteers, and with these auxiliaries forced Charnise to withdraw from Fort St. John and retreat to Port Royal, whither he pursued him and inflicted some damage on him. A short time afterward La Tour went to Quebec, and Charnise besieged and took the fort in his absence in April, 1645. (For the heroic defence of the fort by his wife, see CHARNlSE.) La Tour then retired to Newfoundland, and in August, 1646, to Quebec. In 1648 he went to France and described the tyranny of Charnise so effectively to the French court that, on the death of the latter, he was appointed governor and lieu-tenant-general in Acadia. The wife and children of Charnise were about to oppose his authority with arms, but in 1653 an arrangement was made between the opposing factions, which was confirmed by the marriage of De la Tour with the widow of Charnise, his own wife having died soon after the surrender of Fort St. John. He was forced to yield this fortress in 1654 to a detachment of New England troops, commanded by Robert Sedgwick, from want of provisions. He obtained from Oliver Cromwell an extensive grant of territory in Acadia in favor of himself and two Englishmen. But his different enterprises had involved him in pecuniary embarrassment, and he sold out to his co-proprietors.

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