BOUILLE, Francis Claude Amour, Marquis de, French soldier, born in Auvergne, 19 November 1739: died in London, 14 November 1800. He entered the army at an early age, and distinguished himself in the seven-years' war. He was appointed governor of Guadaloupe in 1768, and during the American war of independence, while defending the French Antilles against the British, he also succeeded in conquering Dominica, St. Eustatia, Tobago, St. Christopher, Nevis, and Montserrat. He returned to Paris after the peace of 1783, and was made a lieutenant-general and subsequently chief of the province of Trois-Eveches. He supported the proposed reforms of Calonne in the assembly of norables, to which he had been nominated by Louis XVI., and displayed great courage and talent in suppressing the revolt of the garrisons of Metz and Nancy. In 1790 he was made commander-in-chief of the army of the Meuse, the Saar, and the Moselle, lie was a devoted royalist, and promoted the escape of Louis XVI. from Paris, which project would probably have succeeded but for the king's prohibition of bloodshed. On its failure, by the arrest of the king at, Varennes, Bouille went to Russia to invoke assistance of the Empress Catherine, who promised him an army of 30,000 men with which to invade France, but her promise was never fulfilled. He enlisted under the banners of Cond6, after serving for a time under Gustavus III. of Sweden, and went to England in 1796. There he wrote his "Memoirs of the Revolution " (London, 1797; German ed., 1798; French, 1801).