MORENO, Francisco (me-ray-no), Argentine explorer, born in Buenos Ayres, 7 October, 1827. He began his studies in the University of Cordova and finished at Buenos Ayres, where he was graduated in 1854 as doctor in natural science. He taught this branch in the latter university, but his favorite study was anthropology, and in 1872 he began a serieTs of exploring expeditions that have made him well known. In January, 1876, he explored Lake Nahuel-Huapi, in the southern Andes, and discovered, on 14 February, 1877, Lake San Martin. He also explored numerous rivers in Patagonia, and on 4 March of the same year discovered the volcano Chalten. In 1880 he went on a second exploring expedition to the territory of Patagonia, where he was taken prisoner by the Pehuelche Indians and condemned to death, but escaped on 11 March, one day before the one that was appointed for the execution. In 1882-'3 he explored the Andes from Bolivia southward, and in 1884-'5 he made new explorations of the territory south of the Rio Negro and of Patagonia. He is director of the Anthropological museum of Buenos Ayres, chief of the Argentine exploring commission of the southern territories, and member of numerous European scientific societies. He has published "Description des cimetidres et parages prehistoriques de Patagonia " (Paris, 1874) ; "Noticias sobre algunas an-tigiiedades descubiertas en la Provincia de Buenos Aires" (Buenos Ayres, 1874); " Viage 'g la Patagonia Septentrional " (1876); "Sur des testes d'industrie humaine prehistorique dans la republique Argentine" (Stockholm, 1876); " El estudio del hombre Sud-Americano" (Buenos Ayres, 1878) ; "Descripcidn fisica de la Patagonia y Tierra del Fuego: Las razas estinguidas de la Repdblica Argentina " (1881); and several other works.