SMITH, Gustavus Woodson, soldier, born in Scott county, Kentucky, 1 January, 1822. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1842, appointed to the engineer corps, and for the subsequent two years engaged in constructing fortifications in New London harbor, Connecticut fie was assistant professor of engineering in the United States military academy in 1844-'6, commanded the sappers, miners, and pontoniers during the siege of Vera Cruz and in the subsequent operations of the war with Mexico, and in 1847 was brevetted 1st lieutenant for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of Cerro Gordo, and captain for Contreras. He was recalled to the United States military academy as principal assistant professor of engineering in 1849, became 1st lieutenant in 1853, and resigned from the army the next year. He was subsequently employed in the construction of various government buildings, and in the iron-works of Cooper and Hewitt, Trenton, New Jersey He was street commissioner of New York city in 1858-'61, and a member of the board to revise the programme of instruction at the United States military academy in 1860. He returned to Kentucky at the beginning of the civil war, entered the Confederate service, and in September, 1861, was appointed major-general. He succeeded General Joseph E. Johnston in temporary command of the Army of Northern Virginia on 31 May, 1862, and subsequently commanded at Richmond, was in charge of the state forces of Georgia in 1864-'5, and was taken prisoner at Macon on 20 April of the latter year. He was superintendent in charge of the Southwest iron-works at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in 1866-'9, was insurance commissioner of the state of Kentucky in 1870-'6, and since that time has resided in New York city.