LANSDOWNE, Henry Charles Keith Petty Fitzmaurice, Marquis of, governor-general of Canada, born in England, 14 January, 1845. He is the eldest son of Henry, fourth Marquis of Lansdowne, under-secretary of state for foreign affairs from 1856 till 1858, and of Emily Jane Mercer Elphinstone de Flahault, Baroness Nairne. His great-grandfather, the first Marquis of Lansdowne, was secretary of state in 1766, but was dismissed from office in 1768 in consequence of his conciliatory policy toward the American colonies, and in 1782 consented to take of-flee only on condition that the king should recognize the United States. The present marquis was educated at Eton and at Oxford, where he was graduated with honors in the final classical course. He succeeded to the peerage on the death of his father in 1866, and entered political life in 1869 as a junior lord of the treasury in William E. Gladstone's administration. He supported Mr. Gladstone's first hind bill in 1870, and strongly urged the justice of giving security to tenants against the confiscation of their improvements and against capricious evictions. He served from 1869 till 1872 under Robert Lowe, chancellor of the exchequer. In 1872 he succeeded Lord Northbrook, who became governor-general of India, as under-secretary of state for war, and served till 1874, when the Gladstone administration was defeated. On Gladstone's return to power in 1880 he became under-secretary of state for India, and resigned the same year in consequence .of his disapproval of the new Irish policy of the government, he delivered speeches on this subject during this and the two following years, strongly condemning the creation of dual ownership of Irish lands, and advocating its complete transfer to the occupying tenants. He took part repeatedly in the house of lords debates, served on several important committees and commissions, and was chairman of the committee on Irish jury laws mid of the joint committee on the channel tunnel proposal. On 18 August, 1883, he was appointed governor-general of Canada and was sworn in on 21 October, 1883. During 1884 the marquis devoted much of his time to making himself personally known in the older provinces of Canada, to becoming acquainted with them, and in 1885 he visited Manitoba, the northwest territories, and British Columbia. In 1884 he was made a knight grand cross of the Order St. Michael and St. George, received the honorary degree of LB. D. the same year, and the confederation medal in 188,5. He married, on 8 November, 1869, Lady Maud Evelyn Hamilton, youngest daughter of James, Duke of Abercorn, K.G. She is well known for her beauty and scholarly attainments.