ILLATOPA, or ILLA TUPAC (eel-yah-to'-pa), Peruvian soldier, born in the latter part of the 15th century; died in 1542. He was a relative of the Inca Huaina Capac, and a councillor at his court. In early life he entered the army and accompanied the Inca in his conquests. In his travels through the country he became acquainted with the principal chiefs of the army, and acquired a perfect knowledge of the position of places and ways of communication between the provinces of the empire. After the death of Huaina Capac, Illatopa followed the party of Atahualpa, and served as an officer in the battles of Quito and Tumbez, and, when the Inca was made a prisoner and at last put to death by the Spaniards, he joined Manco, Inca Iupanqui, brother of Atahualpa, and persuaded him to claim the crown and proclaim himself king. Illatopa was active in promoting the desire of the Peruvians for independence, and raised a respectable army. Toward the east he occupied the provinces of Ruparupa and Huanuco, whence he carried on the war against the conquerors. Alonzo de Alvarado was sent by the government of Lima to repress the rebellion of the Indians, but was defeated, and the government, in the greatest alarm, sent Gomez de Alvarado, but he was also defeated in Chachapoyas. The Indians then believed that Illatopa could lead them to victory against the Spaniards, and accordingly rose in a general revolution. The Spaniards were in great danger, but the governor, Vaca de Castro offered a price for the head of Illatopa, and the Spanish captain Juan de Vargas proposed to procure it. Accordingly he went to the Peruvians pretending to be a persecuted man, and, being received with hospitality, in a short time found an opportunity for murdering the chief.