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CRAIK, James, physician, born in Scotland in 1731; died in Fairfax county, Virginia, 6 February, 1814. He was educated to be a surgeon in the British army, but came to Virginia early in life, accompanied Washington in the expedition against the French and Indians in 1754, and was in Braddock's disastrous campaign in 1755, attending that general after his defeat, and assisting in dressing his wounds. We owe to Dr. Craik the details of Washington's remarkable escape at Braddock's defeat. While exploring the western part of Virginia in 1779, he met an aged Indian chief, who told him, by an interpreter, that he had made a long journey to see Col. Washington, at whom, in the battle of Monongahela, he had fired his rifle fifteen times, ordering all his young men to do the same. During the Revolutionary war Dr. Craik served in the medical department, and rose to the first rank. He was active in disclosing the conspiracy of 1777, to remove the commander-in-chief, and in 1781, as director-general of the hospital at Yorktown, was present at the surrender of Cornwallis. After the war he removed to the neighborhood of Mount Vernon, at Washington's request, and attended him in his last illness. Washington spoke of him as " my compatriot in arms, my old and intimate friend."
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