TOTTEN, James, soldier, born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, 11 September, 1818 ; died in Sedalia, Missouri, 1 October, 1871. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1841, became 1st lieutenant in 1847, engaged in the Florida war against the Seminole Indians in 1849-'50, and became captain in 1855. He aided in quelling the Kansas disturbances in 1857-'8, and in expelling intruders from the Indian reserves in Kansas and Arkansas in 1860. While in command of Little Rock arsenal in February, 1861, he was compelled to evacuate theft post by a superior Confederate force under Governor Henry M. Rector. He served under General Nathaniel Lyon and General John C. Fremont in the military operations in Missouri as chief of artillery, was engaged at Camp Jackson, Booneville, and Wilson's Creek, and in June was brevetted major in the United States army for Camp Jackson, and lieutenant-colonel in August, 1861, for "gallant and meritorious service" in all these actions, lie became major in the 1st Missouri volunteers, 19 August, 1861, lieutenant-colonel the next month, and assistant inspector-general, with the rank of major, in November. On 12 February, 1862, he became brigadier-general of Missouri militia, in command of the central district of the state. He then engaged in several actions on the frontier and in pursuit of the enemy beyond Boston mountains, Arkansas, became inspector-general of the Department of the Missouri in May, 1863, and chief of artillery and chief of ordnance in 1864. He was brevetted colonel, United States army, on 13 March, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious conduct during the siege of Mobile, Alabama," and on the same day brigadier-general in the United States army "for gallant and meritorious service in the field" during the civil war. He was inspector-general of the Military division of the Atlantic from 15 August, 1865, till" 27 August, 1866, and became lieutenant-colonel, United States army, and assistant inspector-general. 13 June, 1867. In 1870 he was retired.--His son, Charles Adiel Lewis, inventor, born in New London, Connecticut, 3 February, 1851, was graduated at the United States military academy in 1873, was professor of military science and tactics in the Massachusetts agricultural college at Amherst in 1875-'8, and occupied a similar chair in St. Paul's cathedral school, Garden City, New York, in 1883-'6. He is now 1st lieutenant in the 4th artillery. He served in the Bannock campaign in 1878, and in the Chiricahua campaign in 1881. In 1.877 he patented an improvement in explosives, one in collimating sights, one in signal-shells, and several minor inventions. He patented "Strategos," a war-game, in 1880, a system of weights and measures in 1884, and improvements in linear and other scales in 1885. Trinity gave him the degree of A. M. in 1885. He has written extensively on pyramid explorations, lectured in favor of Professor Piazzi Smyth's pyramid theories, and for several years was chairman of the committee on pyramid exploration in the International institute for preserving Anglo-Saxon weights and measures. His publications include "Strategos, the American War-Game" (2 vols., New York, 1880); "An Important Question in Metroiogy," a plea for the Anglo-Saxon against the metric system (1883); and, under the pen-name of Ten Alcott, "Gems, Talisroans, and Guardians, the Facts, Fancies, Legends, and Lore of Nativity" (1887).