LAGES, Joao Vieira de Carvalho (lah'-zhays), Marquis of, Brazilian soldier, born in Olivenca, Portugal, in 1781; died in Rio Janeiro, Brazil, 1 April, 1847. He entered the army in 1801, and at the French invasion of Portugal in 1807 accompanied the royal family to Brazil. As a captain he fought in the campaigns against the rebels of Do Sul in Brazil in 1811-'12 and 1816-'17, and in the latter campaign did good work in fortifying important places. He was appointed commandant of the colony of Nova Friburgo in 1821, and in 1822 joined the party that advocated the independence of Brazil. The following year the emperor, Pedro I., raised him to the nobility, and promoted him to brigadier. He was appointed secretary of war and Baron of Lages in 1824, in 1826 counsellor of state, and in 1828 general of the army. In 1831 he was again appointed secretary of war. and, although the country was in a state of revolution, he established the schools of the arsenal and a powder-factory. During the regency of 1831-'40 Lages was twice called to be secretary of war, in which post he contributed in 1840 to the declaration of Pedro II.'s majority. In that year he received the title of Marquis of Lages.