ITABORAHY, Joaquim Jose Rodrigues Torres (e-tah-bo-rah-e) Viscount of, Brazilian statesman, born in S. Joao de Itaborahy, 13 December, 1802; died in Rio Janeiro, 8 January, 1873. He was graduated at the University of Coimbra in 1825, and on his return to his native country in 1826 was made professor of mathematics in the military academy of Rio Janeiro. He became secretary of the navy, 16 June, 1831, remaining at the head of his department during several administrations. On 16 July, 1833, he retired from the cabinet, and in the same year was elected to congress, taking an active part in reforming the constitution of the empire. Soon afterward he was appointed president of the province of Rio Janeiro, which office he occupied till 1839. On 23 May, 1840, he again entered the ministry as secretary of the navy, but the cabinet lasted only one month. He was then elected to congress again, in 1844 was appointed senator by the emperor, and in 1849 was made secretary of state. Assisted by the financier Bernardo Franco, he founded the Brazilian bank. On 6 September, 1853, he retired from the cabinet, being appointed councillor of the government in financial matters, and in the same year was nominated president, of the bank that he had founded. In 1859-'60 he was a member of the national board of education, and by his advice many improvements were introduced, especially in the imperial college of Pedro II. He was after 1864 the principal leader of the Conservative Party. He was called to the treasury portfolio during the war between Brazil and Paraguay, in 1868, and served till peace was concluded, when, on 28 September, 1870, he resigned. In 1871 his health failed, and he retired from public life.