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TSCHUDI, Johann Jakob yon (choo'-de), Swiss traveller, born in Glarus, 25 July, 1818. He studied the natural sciences and medicine in the universities of Neufchatel, Leyden, and Paris, and in 1838 sailed for Peru, where he sojourned five years, exploring the country and forming a rich collection of plants in the mountains of the interior. He went to Vienna in 1843, visited Brazil and other countries of South America in 1857-'9, and in 1860 was appointed minister of the Swiss republic to Brazil, which office he retained eight years, devoting most of that time to exploring the country and forming collections of plants for the museums of Neufchatel, Glarus, and Freiburg. In 1868 he was promoted minister to Vienna. His works include " Untersuchungen uber die Fauna Perus" (St. Gall, 1844-'7)" "Peruanische Reiseskizzen wuhrend der Jahre 1838-'42 "(2 vols., 1846) ; " Die Ketchuasprache" (2 vols., Vienna, 1853) ; "Reise durch die Andes von Sudamerika " (Gotha, 1860) ; "Die brasilianische Provinz Minas-Geraes" {1863)" and "Reisen dutch Sudamerika" (5 vols., Leipsic, 1866-'9). He also edited, in association with Dr. Mariano Eduardo de Rivera, " Antiguedades Peruanas" (Vienna, 1851" translated by Reverend F. L. Hawks, New York, 1853).
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