BACHMAN, John, naturalist, born in Dutchess County, New York, 4 February 1'790; died in Charleston, South Carolina, 25 February 1874. He was associated with Audubon in the preparation of his work on ornithology, and was the principal author of the "Quadrupeds of North America," which the Audubons illustrated. He also wrote "Two Letters on Hybridity" (1850) ; " Defence of Luther and the Reformation" (Charleston, 1853) ; " Characteristics of Genera and Species, as Applicable to the Doctrine of the Unity of the Human Race" (1854) ; " Notice of the Types of Mankind by Nott and Gliddon" (1854); and " Examination of Professor Agassiz's Sketch of the Natural Provinces of the Animal World," etc. (1855), and was a contributor to the " Medical Journal" of South Carolina. In 1813 he was licensed to preach, and from 1815 until his death was pastor of the Lutheran Church in Charleston.