GIBBON, John, soldier, born near Holmesburg, Pennsylvania, 20 April, 1827. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1847, assigned to the artillery, and served at the City of Mexico and Toluca till the close of the Mexican war. From this time till the civil war he was largely on frontier and garrison duty, but was assistant instructor of artillery at West Point in 1854-'7, and quartermaster there in 1856-'9. On 2 November, 1859, he became captain in the 4th artillery. He was chief of artillery of General McDowell's division from 29 October, 1861, till 2 May, 1862, and at the latter date was made brigadier-general of volunteers. He commanded a brigade through the Northern Virginia, Maryland, Rappahannock, and Pennsylvania campaigns in 1862-'3, receiving the brevets of major in the regular army, 17 September, 1862, for Antietam; lieutenant colonel, 13 December 1862, for Fredericksburg, where he commanded a division, was wounded, and disabled for three months ; and colonel, 4 July, 1863, for Gettysburg, where he was severely wounded while in command of the 2d army corps. He was disabled by this wound till 15 November, when he commanded the draft depot at Philadelphia till 21 March, 1864. He was then assigned to a division of the 2d corps, becoming a major general of volunteers on 7 June, 1864, and being engaged at the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, and Cold Harbor. After 15 January 1865, he commanded the 24th army corps, and was before Petersburg from 15 June, 1864, till 2 April, 1865, taking part in the assaults of the last two days, and carrying two redoubts. He was brevetted brigadier-general and major general, United States army, to date from 13 March, 1865, was one of the commissioners to carry into effect the stipulations for Lee's surrender, and was mustered out of volunteer service on 15 January 1866. Since the war be has commanded various posts as colonel of the 36th infantry in 1866-'9, and of the 7th infantry in 1869-'86. He was superintendent of the general recruiting service in New York City in 1873, had charge of the Yellowstone expedition against Sitting Bull in 1876, and on 9 August, 1877, commanded in the action with the Nez Perces Indians at Big Hole Pass, Montana, where he was wounded. He temporarily commanded the department of Dakota in 1878, and since 29 July, 1885, that of the Columbia, having charge in 1885-'6, by direction of the president, of the suppression of the riots against the Chinese in Washington territory. On 10 July, 1886, he was promoted to brigadier-general. General Gibbon has published "The Artillerist's Manual" (New York, 1859), and has contributed articles to current literature, including one on "Our Indian Question" in the Journal of the military service institution, for which a prize medal was awarded him.