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HAVILAND, John, architect, born near Taunton, England, 15 December, 1792; died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 28 March, 1852. After studying his profession with James Ehnes, he went to Russia in 1815 to enter the Imperial corps of engineers, but came to the United States in the following year. He settled in Philadelphia, where he became associated with Hugh Bridgport in the management of an architectural drawing school. Among the buildings that he planned are the hall of justice, New York; the United States naval hospital, Norfolk, Virginia; the deaf and dumb asylum, Philadelphia; the state insane asylum, Harrisburg; the United States mint at Philadelphia, and the eastern penitentiary in that city. The latter increased his reputation greatly as a designer of prison buildings, and he afterward planned the state penitentiaries of New Jersey, Missouri, and Rhode Island. He introduced the plan of building the cells in lines radiating from a common centre. He published, with Hugh Bridgport, "Builders' Assistant, for the Use of Carpenters and Others" (3 vols., Baltimore, 1818).
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