HAYES, John Lord, lawyer, born in South Bet-wick, Maine, 13 April, 1812; died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, 18 April, 1887. He was graduated at Dartmouth in 1831, and studied law at, Harvard, being admitted to the bar in 1835. In 1846 he organized the Katahdin iron-works in Maine, and soon afterward was employed in Washington as counsel for the Canadian government on the advocacy of the reciprocity treaty. He had previously taken part in politics in his native state, and had drawn up the call for the first convention of Independent Democrats, when the party was divided on the issue of slavery extension. He organized and was secretary of the Mexican, Rio Grande, and Pacific railway company, and in 1854 obtained a charter from the Mexican government that authorized the construction of a railroad across Mexico. In 1861-'5 he was chief clerk of the United States patent-office, and in the latter year he became secretary of the National association of wool manufacturers, which office he retained till his death, in 1860 Dartmouth college conferred upon him the degree of LL. D. He was a student of natural history, collected and mounted with taste and skill a complete cabinet of birds, made a herbarium of the flora, and studied geology in the library and the field. He became a member of the Boston society of natural history in 1845, and was also connected with other scientific associations both in the United States and in Europe. As early as 1843 he presented before the American association of geologists and naturalists a paper on glaciers, which was regarded as the most important contribution up to that time toward the history of glacial phenomena in relation to geology. His writings, which are mainly devoted to legal, political, and scientific subjects, comprise over sixty titles, and include "The Iron Mines of Nova Scotia," "Jackson's Vindication as the Discoverer of Anaesthetics," "The Hudson Bay Question," "The Protective Question Abroad and at Home," "Sheep Industry in the South," and many articles and pamphlets on wool-growing and wool-manufacturing. His pamphlet entitled "Reminiscences of the Free-Soil Movement in New Hampshire " (1845) attracted much attention.