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WOODWORTH, John Maynard, physician, born in Big Flats, Chemung County, New York, 15 August, 1837: died in Washington, D. C., 14 March, 1879. He was educated at the University of Chicago, became curator of the museum of the Chicago academy of sciences in 1858, and established the Museum of natural history in the University of Chicago in 1859. He was graduated at the Medical college of Chicago in 1862, entered the National army as post surgeon of volunteers, and served under General William T. Sherman till 1865, becoming full surgeon in 1863, and subsequently medical inspector of the Army of the Tennessee. In March, 1865, he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel of volunteers for his services during the civil war. He became professor of anatomy in Chicago medical college in 1866, surgeon of the Union soldiers' home, and sanitary inspector of the city board of health in 1868. In 1871-'9 he was supervising surgeon-general of the Marine hospital, Washington, D. C. In that service he introduced systematic methods of conducting its affairs, required candidates for medical offices to pass examinations, and substituted inexpensive pavilions for costly insanitary hospitals of iron and stone. He was president of the Alumni association of Chicago medical college in 1870, one of the twelve organizers of the American public health association in 1872, a member of many state and National professional bodies, and a vice-president of the Society of the Army of the Tennessee. In 1876 he read before the International medical congress a paper entitled "Quarantine with Reference to Cholera and Yellow Fever," and submitted six propositions to that body on the subject, which were adopted. He wrote numerous essays and papers that were published in the "Transactions of the American Medical Association," and is the author of " Primary Surgery of General Sherman's Campaigns "(Chicago, '1866) ;" The Mystery of Life," an address (1871) ; "Regulations of the United States Marine Hospital Service" (Washington, D. C., 1873) ; "Hospitals and Hospital Construction" (1873) ; "The Immigration set-vice of the United States" (1873) ; "Nomenclature of Diseases" (1874); and "Cholera Epidemic in the United States in 1873" (1875).
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