SCUDDER, John, missionary, born in Freehold, New Jersey, 3 September, 1793; died in Wynberg, Cape of Good Hope, Africa, 13 January, 1855. He was graduated at Princeton in 1811, and at the New York college of physicians and surgeons in 1813. He then settled in New York city and practised successfully, but in 1819 went to India as a missionary under the direction of the American board. He was ordained to the ministry of the Dutch Reformed church in 1820, settled in Ceylon, and labored there for nineteen years in the double capacity of clergyman and physician His most important service was the establishment of a large hospital, of which he was also physician in chief, and he was especially successful in the treatment of cholera and yellow fever, lie also founded several native schools and churches. He was transferred to the Madras station in 1839, was in the United States in 1842-'6, and, returning in 1847, labored until his death, which occurred on a visit to the Cape of Good Hope that had been undertaken for the benefit of his health. His seven sons and two daughters were all missionaries in southern India. He published " Letters from the East" (Boston, 1833) ; "Appeal to Youth in Behalf of the Heathen" (1846) ; "Letters to Pious Young Men" (1846);" Provision for Passing over Jordan" (New York, 1852), and many tracts and papers that were published in the "Missionary Herald." See a " Memoir" of him by Reverend John B. Waterbury (1856).--His son, Henry Martyn, clergyman, born in Panditeripo, Jaffna district, Ceylon, 5 February, 1822. was graduated at the University of New York in 1840, and at Union theological seminary in 1843, and returned to India as a missionary to the Madura station under the care of the American board. He labored successively at Madras, Arcot, Vellore, Coonoos, and Oolacommed, organized schools and churches, founded the Arcot mission, and established a dispensary there. Having studied medicine, he also practised that profession. He prepared various religious books and tracts in the Sanscrit, Tamil, and Teluga languages. The failure of his health in 1864 compelled his return to this country, and he was pastor of the Howard Presbyterian church in San Francisco, California, in 1865-'71, of the Central Congregational church in Brooklyn in 1872-'82, and from the latter date till 1887 of the Plymouth Congregational church, Chicago, from which he resigned in that year to resume missionary work in Japan. His publications include "Liturgy of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church" (Madras, India, 1862); "The Bazaar Book, or the Vernacular Teacher's Companion" (1865); "Sweet Savors of Divine Truth," a catechism (1868) ; and "Spiritual Teaching" (1870). These are all in the Tamil language.--Another son of John, Jared Waterbury, missionary, born in Panditeripo, Ceyhm, in 1830, was graduated at Western Reserve college in 1850, and at the New Brunswick theological seminary in 1855. He was then ordained a missionary to India under the Reformed Dutch church, and since 1857 has held native charges there. He has published translations from the Tamil of Henry M. Scudder's " Spiritual Teaching " (Madras, 1870), and his " Bazaar Book" (1870), and a " History of the Arcot Mission" (1872). He is also a member of the committee for the revision of the Tamil translation of the Bible.--Another son of John, Silas Doremus, physician, born in Ceylon, India, 6 November, 1833 ; died in Brooklyn, New York, 10 December, 1877, was graduated at Rutgers in 1856, studied medicine, and was licensed to practise in New York city. He went to India as a medical missionary in 1860, established himself at Arcot, and founded a dispensary and hospital there which was supported by English and native residents. He also successfully treated a large native out-door practice, and obtained patients among high-caste Hindoo women, which have not hitherto been accomplished. After thirteen years' labor for the American board he returned to this country on account of an illness which had been occasioned by overwork.