TODD, John, author, born in Rutland, Vermont, 9 October, 1800; died in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, 24 August, 1873. His boyhood was passed in poverty, but he fitted himself for college, and was graduated at Yale in 1822. He spent the following year in teaching, then entered Andover theological seminary, and in 1827 was ordained a minister of the Congregational church in Groton, Massachusetts He became pastor of the church in Northampton in 1833, of the 1st Congregational church in Philadelphia in 1836, and of the 1st Congregational church in Pittsfield in 1842. Here he remained as pastor until May, 1872, when his strength was impaired by old age. In 1845 he received the degree of D.D. from Williams. Dr. Todd took a warm interest in the progress of education, and the Holyoke female seminary partly owes its existence to him. He was a voluminous and popular writer. Besides his contributions to the "Congregationalist" and other religious periodicals, and his sermons, lectures, and orations, he published about thirty volumes, all of which were re-issued in England, and several of them have been translated into German, French, modern Greek, Dutch, Danish, Italian, Arabic, Armenian, Turkish, and Tamil. His "Lectures to Children" have been printed in raised letters for the blind, and used as a schoolbook in the colony of Sierra Leone" of some of his books several hundred thou sand copies have been sold, and several of his shorter pieces, notably "Hafed's Dream," were for many years favorites for school readers. His publications include "Lectures to Children" (Northampton, 1834; 2d series, 1858) ; "Student's Manual" (1835 ; revised ed., under the title "Student's Guide," with preface by Reverend Thomas Binney, London, last, ed., 1869); "Index Rerum" (1835) ; " Truth made Simple" (1839): "Great Cities " (1841) ; "The Lost Sister of Wyoming" (1841); "Hints to Young Men" (1843); "Simple Sketches" (Pittsfield, 1843); "Summer Gleanings" (London, 1852) ; "Daughter at School" (Northampton, 1854); "The Angel of the Iceberg, and other Stories" (1859); " Future Punishment " (New York, 1863); " Mountain Gems" (4 vols., Boston, 1864) ; " The Water-Dove, and other Gems" (Edinburgh, 1868) ; "Sketches and Incidents, or Summer Gleanings" (1866); "Nuts for Boys to Crack" (New York, 1866); " Polished Diamonds" (Boston, 1866) ; " Hints and Thoughts for Christians" (New York, 1867): "Serpents in the Dove's Nest" (Boston, 1867); " Woman's Rights " (1867), which elicited from Gall Hamilton a reply entitled "Woman's Wrongs: a Counter-Irritant" (1868) ; "Hints and Thoughts for Christians" (London, 1869); "The Sunset Land, or the Great Pacific Slope" (Boston, 1869) ; "Missions" (1869) ; and "Old-Fashioned Lives" (1870).