TOWLER, John, educator, born in Rathmell, Yorkshire, England, 20 June, 1811. He was educated at the Giggleswick grammar-school and was admitted a member of St. John's college, Cambridge, in 1833. After coming to this country he was elected in 1850 professor of modern languages and literature in Geneva (now Hobart) college, at whose medical department he was graduated in 1855. From 1853 till 1872 he was its professor of chemistry, toxicology, and medical jurisprudence, and dean of the medical faculty. Subsequently, when this institution was merged into the Syracuse school of medicine, he was given the chair of anatomy, and in 1868 was transferred to the chair of civil engineering and chemistry in Hobart. These places he resigned in 1882 to become United States consul at Trinidad, British West Indies, where he remained until 1886. Since that time he has devoted his attention to literary work at Orange, New Jersey Professor Towler was co-editor of Hilpert's "German and English Dictionary" (4 vols., Carlsruhe, 1846), and he also edited after Hilpert's death an abridged edition of the "Dictionary" (2 vols., Pforzheim, 1846-'7). He was editor of "Humphrey's Journal of Photography and the Allied Arts and Sciences " and "The American Photographic Almanac" in 1864-'7, and for five years subsequent to 1867 he wrote an article each month for the "Philadelphia Photographer." He published translations of Schiller's "Don Carlos," "Die Braut von Messina," and "Die Rauber" in the same metre as the original (Carlsruhe, 1845-'8), and made translations of German war songs. His other works include "Der kleine Englander" (Carlsruhe, 1845); "The Silver Sunbeam" (New York, 1863) ; "Dry Plate Photography" (1865) ; "The Porcelain Picture" (1865) ; "The Magic Photography" (1866) ; "The Negative and the Print" (1866) ; "The Tannin Process" (1867) ; and "The Photographer's Guide" (1867) ; and he has translated Karl Friedrich Rammelsberg's " Guide to a Course of Quantitative Chemical Analysis" (Geneva, 1871).