BREWER, Josiah, missionary, born in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, in 1790; died in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, 19 November, 1872. He was graduated at Yale in 1821, and became a tutor in the College after post-graduate study. He was one of the first to volunteer as a missionary to Turkey for the American board, and in 1830 sailed for the east, beginning his labors at Smyrna, only three years after the Greek revolution. The battle of Navarino had destroyed the Turkish navy, and had opened the door for influences from abroad. Mr. Brewer was the first to introduce schools and the printing press. He established the first paper in Smyrna, where several journals are now published in different languages. The schools he founded have served as models for others, and have done much to introduce European education into the Turkish Empire. After a few years he returned home. He published "Residence in Constantinople" (New Haven, 1327) and "Patmos and the Seven Churches of Asia" (1851).