CREVAUX, Jules Nicolas, French explorer, born in Lorquin, Lorraine, 1 April 1847; killed in Bolivia, 24 April 1882. He studied medicine at Strasburg and in the Naval medical school at Brest, became assistant surgeon in the French navy on 24 October 1868, was attached to the marines at the beginning of the war of 1870, became a surgeon of the second class in 1873, gained the cross of the legion of honor in 1876 for devotion to yellow-fever patients in the Salut islands, and, after recovering from an attack of the disease, ascended Naroni River in French Guiana, explored the Tumuc-Humac mountains, and descended the Yari to the Amazon. He afterward ascended the Oyapock again, and descended the Payou to the Amazon, and then explored Yapoura River. After a visit to France, Dr. Crevaux returned to South America, made a voyage on the Orinoco, and in 1881 set out from Buenos Ayres with a number of companions to ascend the Paraguay and cross over to the Area-zon by the Tapajos and the Zingu. The expedition reached the confluence of the Pilaya and Pilcomayo, and embarked in three boats; but in the region of the Teyo, the Tapeti Indians treacherously murdered Dr. Crevaux and all his companions save two.