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CAXIAS, Luis Alves de Lima (kah-she'-as). Duke de, Brazilian soldier, born in Rio de Janeiro about 1800. He entered the army while a boy, and rapidly rose to the ranks of general and baron, and subsequently became marshal, marquis, senator, and aide-de-camp of the emperor, he was twice minister of war and also president of the council, exerting great political influence as a conservative leader. He defeated Rossa in 1851, and commanded against Lopez, 1866-'9. He was superseded by the Count d'Eu after the capture of Asuncidn, and received the title of duke.
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