LEFFERTS, Marshall, engineer, born in Bedford, L. I., 15 January, 1821; died near Newark, New Jersey, 3 , July, 1876. He was educated in the common schools, was first a clerk, and subsequently a civil engineer, and, returning to mercantile pursuits, became a partner in the importing-house of Monewood and Company, New York. In 1849 he became president of the New York, New England, and New York state telegraph companies, from which office he retired in 1860 and began a system of telegraph-wires, which was worked on the automatic plan of transmission. These patents were subsequently purchased by the American (now the Western Union) telegraph company, of which he became electric engineer, and at the same time he was consulting engineer of the Atlantic cable company. He was the first in the United States to make and apply instruments for the detection of faults in electric cables, and to reduce the system of relays to common standards. He resigned his office with the Western Union telegraph company in 1867 to organize the commercial news department of that company, became president of the gold and stock telegraph company in 1869, and when, two years afterward, the latter purchased the commercial news department, he again assumed its control. He joined the New York 7th regiment in 1851 as a private, became its lieutenant-colonel the next year, and its colonel in 1859. In 1861 this regiment, under his command, was the first to leave the city for the seat of war. It was again called out in 1862 and in 1863, and at the latter date was stationed in Frederick, Maryland, where Colonel Lefferts was military governor, returning to New York to protect the city in the draft riots of July, 1863. At the close of the war he resigned his command, and accepted that of commandant of the veteran corps of the 7th regiment, holding office until his death, which occurred on the railroad train while he was going with his corps to the Fourth of July parade in Philadelphia in 1876.--His son, George Morewood, physician, born in Brooklyn, 24 February, 1846, was educated at the College of the city of New York, graduated at the New York college of physicians and surgeons in 1870, and in 1872-'3 studied in Vienna. He then settled in New York city, making a specialty of diseases of the throat and chest, and in July, 1874, he performed the operation of subhyoidean laryngotomy for the first time that it has been attempted in the United States. He is professor of laryngoscopy in the New York college of physicians and surgeons, is surgeon and consulting surgeon to several New York hospitals, is a member and trustee of various professional bodies, and in 1876 was president of the New York laryngological society. He conducted at one time the quarterly reports of laryngoscopy in the "New York Medical Journal," and the semi-annual reports on syphilis of the mouth, nose, and larynx in the "Archives of Dermatology." He contributed largely to medical literature, and is the author of "Diseases of the Nose and its accessory Cavities" (New York, 1884); "Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Nasal Catarrh " (St. Louis, Missouri, 1886); and "Pharmacopia for Diseases of Throat and Nose" (New York, 1887). He has also translated "Frankel on the General Diagnosis of Diseases of the Nose, Pharynx, and Larynx" (1876); and "Ziemssen's Cyclopaedia of Practice of Medicine" (1876).