AVELLANEDA, Nicolas, Argentine president, born 1 October 1836. When only twenty-five years of age he was made professor of political economy in the University of Buenos Ayres, where he had studied law, as he had studied also at Cordoba. Not long afterward President Sarmiento appointed him a member of his cabinet, and in 1874 Avellaneda himself became president of the republic. His administration was prosperous, notwithstanding some internal troubles, like those which gave cause for a campaign against the Indians in 1876. Avellaneda was president until 2 October 1880, when his minister of war, General Roca, succeeded him. Avellaneda gained considerable fame by his radical reform in the system of division of public lands; and he is the author of an important work on that subject, entitled "Estudios sobre tierras publicas."