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JACQUIN, Nicolas Joseph, Dutch botanist, born in Leyden, 16 February, 1727; died in Vienna, 24 October, 1817. He was appointed in 1752, by Francis I., imperial botanist, and two years later went to America in search of unknown plants. He remained five years in South America and the West Indies, and returned to Europe in 1760, with a rich collection of plants and many specimens in natural history, which he presented to the emperor. They became afterward the property of the Museum of Schoenbrunn, which he contrived to make one of the most interesting in Europe. He was appointed in 1774 professor of botany and chemistry in the University of Vienna, and created baron by Joseph II. in 1806. Jacquin discovered about sixty new species of plants, and Linnaeus has given his name to a tree of the family of the Sapotellas, peculiar to the West Indies. His numerous works include "Selectarum stirpium americanarum historia" (Vienna, 1763; 2d ed., revised, 1781); and "Enumeratio systematica plantarum quae in insulis Caribaeis, vicinoque Americae continente detexit" (Leyden, 1760).
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