EMANGARD, or ESMANGARD, Charles, West Indian jurist, born in Port au Prince, Haiti, in 1755; died in Paris in 1837. He studied in the Jesuit College of Port au Prince, and after graduation he was appointed substitute judge of the police court of his native City, where his father was president of the civil court. Young Emangard began to administer equal justice to all without regard to persons, and thereby made enemies of the rich proprietors of the island. His first offence against the privileged classes was the condemnation of a rich planter to a large fine for maltreating his slaves. In 1780 Emangard volunteered as counsel for Elmira, a mulatto girl who had been emancipated by her former master at his death, but had been detained and atrociously tortured by his widow, out of jealousy.

The woman, Madame de Laureal, was arrested, and, as the feeling on both sides ran high, she was sent to France for an impartial hearing. The case was submitted in privy council to the king, who ordered the widow's estate to be confiscated and given to Elmira" and as Emangard's position in Port au Prince had become untenable in consequence, he was promoted judge of the civil court of the Island of Martiniqne. At the outbreak of the rebellion of the Negroes in Santo Domingo in 1800 he was sent by the government to that island, where he was the means of saving from death a great number of prominent proprietors, some of them formerly his enemies. Bonaparte, in recompense, promoted him judge of the Supreme Court of Santo Domingo, and when this Island was finally lost to France, he became president of the court of Martinique, which position he held till 1827. He then removed to Paris, and, on the accession of Louis Philippe, was appointed member of the state council. He published "De la marine francaise" (1800); "Des colonies francaises, et en particulier de Saint Domingue" (1802); "La verite sur les affaires d'Haiti," published at the expense of the former planters of the French part of the island, as Emangard had sustained their right to an indemnity (1833); and "Nouvel avis aux proprietaires de Saint Domingue sur le paymentde l'indemnit6" (1836).