FOWLER, Orson Squire, phrenologist, born in Cohocton, Steuben County, New York, 11 October 1809; died near Sharon Station, Connecticut, 18 August 1887. He was graduated at Amherst in 1834. In 1835 he and his brother Lorenzo opened an office in New York. In 1836 they wrote and published "Phrenology Proved, Illustrated, and Applied." In October 1838, he issued in Philadelphia the first number of the "American Phrenological Journal," which was published in that City till 1842, when it was removed to New York, and continued by the firm of O. S. and L. N. Fowler, which became Fowlers & Wells in 1844, and, by the retirement of the Fowlers, S. R. Wells in 1863. Besides his labors as an editor and a prolific author, Mr. Fowler lectured on his specialty and allied subjects in the United States and Canada for many years. In 1863 he removed to Boston, Massachusetts, and in 1875 to Manchester, Massachusetts.

Among his many volumes on phrenology and kindred subjects are "Memory and intellectual improvement" (Philadelphia, 1841); "Physiology, Animal and Mental" (1842); "Matrimony, or Phrenology applied to the Selection of Companions" (1842); "Self Culture and Perfection of Character" (1843); "Hereditary Descent, its Laws and Facts applied to Human Improvement" (1843); "Love and Parentage" (1844); "The Self Instructor in Phrenology and Physiology," with his brother (1849); "Sexual Science" (Philadelphia, 1870); "Amativeness" ; "Human Science" ; and "Creative Science, or Manhood, Womanhood, and their Interrelations."

His brother, Lorenzo Miles Fowler, born in Cohocton, 23 June 1811. He accompanied Orson on lecturing tours, and lectured alone throughout the United States and the British American provinces. In 1863 he settled in London, and lectured in all parts of Great Britain. Several of his lectures were published in London. In addition to the works written in conjunction with his brother, he is the author of the "Synopsis of Phrenology and Physiology" (1844); "Marriage, its History and Philosophy, with Directions for Happy Marriages" (1846); mid "Lectures on Man." As a member of the firm of Fowlers & Wells he was engaged in publishing "Life Illustrated," a weekly journal, and the monthly periodicals the "American Phrenological Journal" and the "Watercure Journal," which was superseded by the " Science of Health.

Lydia Folger Fowler, wife of Lorenzo N., born in Nantucket. Massachusetts, in 1823; died in London, England, 26 January 1879, was a graduate of Syracuse medical College, and practiced medicine. She lectured on physiology and on diseases of women and children, and published " Familiar Lessons on Phrenology and Physiology" (1847), and "Familiar Lessons on Astronomy" (1848).