SCHUYLER, Peter, first mayor of Albany, born in Albany, New York, 17 September, 1657; died there, 19 February, 1724. He was the second son of Philip Schuyler, the first of the family, who emigrated from Amsterdam, and, settling in Albany, became a well-known merchant in that town. The father was ambitious to become a landed proprietor, and at his death in 1683 held property not only in Albany. but in New York city and along the Hudson. In 1667 he was made captain of a company of Albany militia, and was conspicuous throughout his life for his friendship with the Indians. Peter began his public career in March, 1685, by receiving an appointment as lieutenant in the militia of Albany, from which he rose to the rank of colonel, the highest grade conceded to a native of New York. He also received during the same year the office of judge of the court of over and terminer, and in October, 1685, was made a justice of the peace. On 22 July, 1688, Albany was incorporated as a city, and Peter Schuyler became its first mayor. He was also chairman of the board of commissioners for Indian affairs, and knew how to deal with the savages better than any man of his time. During the difficulties between the French and English on the northern boundary he conducted all negotiations with the Five Nations and other Indians. In 1691 he had command of the army that was sent against the French and Indians, and defeated the invading force from Canada. He was made a member of the council in 1692, and used every effort to relieve the sufferings of the settlers on the frontiers, who were exposed to the ravages of the Indians. In the expedition against Montreal in 1709 he was second in command, and led one of the New York regiments, but, from lack of supplies and proper support, the French were allowed to retreat, and the expedition proved a failure. The Five Nations were wavering in their allegiance, looking upon the French as formidable enemies and the English as incompetent protectors, and accordingly an appeal was made to England for means to conquer Canada. Colonel Schuyler, accompanied by five chiefs, sailed for England in December, 1709, and was absent for seven months. Queen Anne offered to confer on him the order of knighthood, but he declined, although he accepted a gold snuff-box and some pieces of silver plate as well as a diamond brooch and ear-rings for his wife. In July, 1719, he became president of the council, acting as governor until the arrival of Peter Burner in September, 1720. He continued active in the affairs of the colony thereafter until his death.--His nephew, Peter, soldier, born probably near Newark, New Jersey, in 1710; died at Peterborough, his farm (now Newark, New Jersey), 7 March, 1762, was loft an ample estate by his father, Arent, and, becoming interested in military affairs, qualified himself to assume command of troops should the necessity occur. When it was determined to invade Canada, he was authorized to recruit men in New Jersey, and was commissioned colonel on 7 September, 1746, commanding a regiment that became known as the "Jersey Blues." He arrived in Albany early in September, and, although the expedition was abandoned, he was assigned to Fort Clinton, in Saratoga, which he held until 1747, when lack of provisions compelled its abandonment. The peace of Aix la Chapelle in 1748 terminated the war, and he returned to his home in New Jersey. In 1754 the war was again renewed, and, taking the field at the head of his regiment, he was stationed at Oswego, where, in 1756, he and one half of his regiment were cap-lured by General Montcalm. He was taken to Montreal and then to Quebec, where he remained until October, 1757, when he was released on parole. While a prisoner, he spent his money liberally in caring for his fellow-captives, buying the freedom of the Indians, and providing food for his countrymen at his own residence, also supplying them with clothing. He was received with great enthusiasm on his return home. During the campaign of 1759 he served with his regiment under General Jeffrey Amherst, and participated in the events that closed with the conquest of Canada. At the end of the campaign he settled on his estate, but died a few years later.--Aaron, a descendant of Arent, the first Peter's brother, educator, born in Senera county, New York, 7 February, 1828, was educated at Seneca academy, Ohio, of which he was principal from 1851 till 1862, and from the latter year until 1875 he was professor of mathematics in Baldwin university, Ohio. From 1875 till 1885 he was president of that university, and he is now (1888) vice-president and professor of mathematics and astronomy in Kansas Wesleyan university, Salina, Kansas He received the degree of A. M. from Ohio Wesleyan university in 1860, and that of LL.D. from 0tterbein university in 1875. He has published " Higher Arithmetic" (New York, 1860); "Principles of Logic" (Cincinnati, 1869)" "Complete Algebra" (1870); "Surveying and Navigation" (1873); " Elements of Geometry" (1876)" "Empirical and Rational Psychology" (1882)" and has written "A Treatise on Analytic Geometry." --Montgomery, a descendant of Arent, the first Peter's brother, clergyman, born in New York city, 9 January, 1814, entered Geneva (now Hobart) college in 1830, and, leaving at the end of his junior year, was graduated at Union in 1834. He then studied law, and, after four years of mercantile life, entered the ministry of the Protestant Episcopal church. He became rector of Trinity church in Marshall, Michigan, in June, 1841, and remained until 1844, when he was called to Grace church in Lyons, New York In 1845 he took charge of St. John's church in Buffalo, New York, but he resigned in 1854 to accept the rectorship of Christ church in St. Louis, No., where he has since remained. The degree of D. D. was conferred on him by Hobart in 1856. He has been president of the standing committee of the diocese of Missouri since 1858, and frequently a delegate to the general convention of his church, besides being president of the diocesan conventions that elected the second and third bishops of Missouri. In addition to many sermons, he has published "The Church, its Ministry and Worship" (Buffalo, 1853)" "The Pioneer Church" (Boston, 1867)" and "Historical Discourse of Christ Church, St. Louis" (St. Louis, 1870).--Montgomery s son, Lonis Sandford, clergyman, born in Buffalo, New York, 12 March, 1852" died in Memphis, Tennessee, 17 September, 1878, was graduated at Hobart in 1871, and entered the ministry of the Protestant Episcopal church in 1874-'6. Soon afterward he joined the brotherhood of the order of St. John the Evangelist, under whose direction he continued his ministry. He volunteered to go to Memphis, Tennessee, during the yellow-fever epidemic in 1878, and there fell a victim to the disease. Set-vices in his memory were held in the churches throughout the United States. See "A Memorial of Louis Sandford Schuyler, Priest" (New York, 1879).--Montgomery's cousin, Anthony, clergyman, born in Geneva, New York, 8 July, 1816, was graduated at Geneva (now Hobart) college in 1835, after which he studied law in Ithaca, where he practised for ten years. He then studied for the ministry and was ordained in the Protestant Episcopal church in 1850. Two years later he was chosen rector of Christ church in Oswego, New York, where he con-tinned until 1862, when he was called to Christ church in Rochester. In 1868 he accepted charge of Grace church in Orange, New Jersey, where he has since remained. He has been chairman of the standing committee on the constitution and canons since the foundation of the diocese of northern New Jersey (now Newark), and has represented that diocese in the general conventions of his church. The degree of S. T. D. was conferred on him by Hobart in 1859, and he has published sermons and addresses, including a series of sermons on " Household Religion" (New York, 1887).-- Anthony's son, Montgomery, journalist, born in Ithaca, New York, 19 August, 1843, entered Hobart college in 1858, but was not graduated. He became connected with the New York "World" in 1865, and remained with this journal until 1883 when he joined the editorial staff of the New York "Times." Mr. Schuyler has given special study to architecture, and has published critical papers on that art in "Scribner's Magazine," " Harper's Magazine," "The American Architect," and similar periodicals, as well as occasional poems. In conjunction with William C. Conant, he issued "The Brooklyn Bridge" (New York, 1883).-George Washington, great-grandson of the first Peter's brother, Philip, state official, born in Still-water, New York, 2 February, 1810; died in Ithaca, New York, 1 February, 1888, was graduated at the University of the city of New York in 1837, and at first studied theology, but then engaged in business in Ithaca, New York In 1863-'5 he was treasurer of the state, after which, on 3 January, 1866, he was appointed superintendent of the banking department of New York, and served until February, 1870. He was elected to the assembly in 1875, was chairman of its committee on banks and banking, and during his membership obtained the passage of the general savings-bank law, and of a law for the protection of railway employees. From 1 January, 1876, till May, 1880, he was auditor of the canal department, and he was the first to propose making the canals free waterways by the abolition of tolls, which was subsequently effected by constitutional amendment. Mr. Schuyler was a trustee of Cornell university from its "foundation, and its treasurer in 1868-'74. He was the author of "Colonial New York : Philip Schuyler and his Family" (2 vols., New York, 1885).--George Washington's son, Eugene, diplomatist, born in Ithaca, New York, 26 February, 1840, was graduated at Yale in 1859 and at Columbia law-school in 1863, after which he began the practice of law, and devoted his leisure to literary pursuits. He entered the diplomatic service of the United States in 1866, and was consul at Moscow in 1867-'9, and at Reval in 1869-'70, and secretary of legation at St. Petersburg in 1870-'6. While holding the last place he was on several occasions acting charge d'affaires, and in 1873, during a leave of absence, made a journey of eight months through Russian Turkestan, Khokan, and Bokhara. He became secretary of legation and consul-general in Constantinople in 1876, during the summer of that year was sent to investigate the Turkish massacres in Bulgaria, and made an extended report to his government, which did much to influence the subsequent history of that part of Turkey. In 1878 he was sent to Birmingham as consul, and a year later he was transferred to Rome as consul-general, after which, in 1880, he became charge d'affaires and consul-general in Bucharest, and in 1881 was authorized by the United States to conclude and sign commercial and consular treaties with Roumania and Servia. From 1882 till 1884 he was minister resident and consul-general to Greece, Servia, and Roumania, and he then returned to the United States, where he resumed his literary work, and has also lectured. He has been elected a corresponding member of the Roumanian academy, and also to tile London, Russian, Italian, and American geographical societies, and decorations have been conferred on him by the governments of Russia, Greece, Roumania, Servia, and Bulgaria. The degree of LL.D. was conferred on him by Williams in 1882, and by Yale in 1885. In addition to contributions to magazines and reviews in the United States and England, he edited John A. Porter's "Selections from the Kalevala" (New York, 1867); translated Ivan Turgdnieff's "Fathers and Sons" (1867); and Leo Tolstoi's "The Cossacks, a Tale of the Caucasus" (1878) ; and is the author of "Turkestan : Notes of a Journey in Russian Turkestan, Khokand, Bokhara, and Kuldja" (1876); " Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia" (2 vols., 1884) ; and "American Diplomacy and the Furtherance of Commerce" (1886).