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MONTESQUIOU-FEZENSAC, Philipl)e Andre Francois, Comte de (mon-tes-kew), French soldier, born in the Castle of Marsan, near Auch, in 1753 died in Paris, 7 February, 1833. He became a colonel in 1780, served in Tobago and Martinique in 1781, and was appointed in 1792 brigadier-general and governor of the southern provinces of Santo Domingo, which he administered with firmness and severity for eighteen months. He quelled negro insurrections, though he had to contend with difficulties of all kinds, which were increased by the commissioners of the convention, who excited the negroes to rebellion, and pretended to organize in the colony an impossible state of social equality. Montesquiou deserves great praise for his able conduct under these difficult circumstances. He was arrested and imprisoned by the commissioners, but escaped in 1794 to the United States, where he became a professor of French, returning to Paris in l800. At the accession of Louis XVIII. he was commissioned lieutenant-general, and commanded a division for a few months, but retired in 1817.
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