STEVENS, Phinehas, soldier, born in Sudbury, Massachusetts, 20 February, 1707; died in Chignecto, Nova Scotia, 6 February, 1756. He was a descendant of Thomas Stevens, of London. England, a supporter and friend of the Massachusetts colony, whose father, Thomas Stevens, of Devonshire, was one of the assignees of Sir Walter Ralegh's patent of Virginia. He removed with his parents to Rutland, Massachusetts, about 1711, and when sixteen years old was carried as a captive to St. Francis by Indians, among whom he learned the savage mode of warfare. During King George's war he was commandant of Fort No. 4, which was erected at the farthest settlement on Connecticut river, now Charlestown, New Hampshire When it was attacked in May, 1746, he routed the Indians in a bold sally, and on 19 June he defeated them in the open field. The fort was blockaded during the summer by French and Indians, who attempted to carry it by assault in August. In March, 1747, Captain Stevens, who had evacuated the fort in the winter, resumed possession with thirty men, and in April they sustained an attack of 400 Frenchmen and savages. He held the fort till the close of the war. In 1749 he was sent to Canada by Governor William Shirley to negotiate an exchange of prisoners. He went again in 1752 to treat for an exchange of prisoners, and with two ponies redeemed John Stark from captivity among the Indians. After the renewal of hostilities he took part in Colonel Robert Nonekton's expedition against the French settlements in Nova Scotia, and died on the march to Beau Sejour. The journal of his trip to Canada in 1749 is printed in the "New Hampshire Historical Collections."--His son, Simon, soldier, born in Rutland, Massachusetts, 3 September, 1737; died in Charlestown, New Hampshire, was lieutenant of Captain John Stark's company in the expedition against Ticonderoga in 1758, was taken prisoner, and in May, 1759, escaped from Quebec, sailed down St. Lawrence river in a captured schooner, and reached a British post after many adventures, which are recounted in his unpublished journal. During the Revolution he served as a loyal volunteer in the British army.--Another son, Enos, loyalist, born in Rutland, Massachusetts, 13 October, 1739 ; died in Barnet, Vermont, in 1808, was carried off by the St. Francis Indians from Charlestown when ten years old, and held in captivity three months. He was a volunteer in the royal army on Long Island, and was engaged in foraging in privateers along the coast during the Revolution. In 1782 he joined the emigrant refugees who went to Nova Scotia. After several years he returned to Charles-town, New Hampshire He subsequently settled at Barnet, Vermont He kept a journal of the events in which he participated from 1777 till 1783.--Enos's son, Henry, antiquary, born in Barnet, Vermont, 13 December, 1791 ; died there, 30 July, 1867, was educated at Peacham academy, Vermont, and early began to collect manuscripts, tracts, newspapers, and printed volumes relating to American history, especially that of Vermont. He was the founder and first president of the Vermont historical society. The most valuable part of his collection was placed for safe-keeping in the statehouse at Montpelier, where in 1857 it was burned. He was a member of the legislature for two terms. --Henry's son, Enos, inventor, born in Barnet, Vermont, 22 January, 1816; died there, 31 January, 1877, was graduated at Middlebury college in 1838, and taught for the next seven years in Paradise, Pennsylvania He assisted Dr. Samuel G. Howe in investigating the condition of the idiots of Massachusetts in 1847-'8, and then returned to Barnet and engaged in agriculture and dairy-farming. He invented a system of musical notation, apparatus for automatically recording atmospheric changes, an instrument for phrenological measurements, a legislative teller that was put in use by congress in 1853, and other intricate machines, originated an astronomical theory of weather indications, and published pamphlets on astronomy, music, and phrenology, and many papers on agricultural topics.--Another son, Henry, bibliographer, born in Barnet, Vermont, 24 August, 1819; died in South Hampstead, England, 28 February, 1886. His early education was received at the school of his native village. In 1836 he attended Lyndon academy, and he was afterward for a time at Middlebury college, tie engaged in teaching at intervals, and also held a clerkship in the treasury department at Washington. In 1841 he entered Yale, where he was graduated in 1843, and then studied law a short time at Cambridge. Meanwhile he became much interested in his father's work, and devoted his attention to early colonial history and the historical relations between the states and England. Through his acquaintance with collectors of historical and genealogical books and manuscripts, and with an increasing knowledge of their wants, under their encouragement and support, he visited London in search of Americana in 1845, and remained there forty years until his death. Having good recommendations, he speedily made the acquaintance of the principal booksellers, and, to use his own expression, "drifted" one day into the British museum and presented to Sir Anthony Panizzi his letter of introduction from Jared Sparks. His coming was most opportune, for the authorities had just discovered that the museum was deficient in modern American books. The assistance of Mr. Stevens was immediately secured in supplying the deficiency, and from that time until his death he was their trusted agent for procuring North and South American books of all kinds, including state and national laws, journals and documents. As a result, the library of the British museum contains a larger collection of American books than any single American library. At the same time he was supplying many American public and private libraries with the rarest of Americana. Many books supplied by him at mod-crate prices are now worth fifty times the amount that was paid him for them. He soon became an experienced bibliographer, giving special attention to the early editions of the English Bible, and to early voyages and travels, especially those relating to America. In these two directions he became one of the highest authorities. John Carter Brown was one of his early correspondents, and he may be said to have formed the Lenox library, as he was James Lenox's agent to collect the rarest book treasures. He was an indefatigable bibliographer and a generous correspondent. He was constantly putting forth bibliographical brochures, and his catalogues are highly prized for their minute accuracy and valuable notes, as well as for peculiar excellence of typography. He never forgot the state in which he was born, but frequently signed himself Henry Stevens of Vermont, or wrote after his name the initials (G. M. B., "Green Mountain Boy." He was a genial friend, full of quaint sayings and good-humor. In 1852 he was made a fellow of the Society of antiquaries. In 1877 he was a member of the committee for promoting the Caxton exhibition, and catalogued the exhibit of Bibles. The same year he became a member of the Librarian's association and took an active part in all its meetings. He formed a large collection of documents relating to Benjamin Franklin, which was purchased by the United States government. He wrote extensively on bibliographical subjects, and left several unpublished essays, among which were investigations respecting Columbus and a supplemerit to Louis Fagan's "Life of Pannizzi," containing anecdotes relating to the British museum. Among his publications are "Catalogue of My English Library" (London, 1853); "Catalogue of a Library of Works relating to America" (1854) ; "Catalogue Raisonne of English Bibles" (1854) ; "American Bibliographer" (Chiswick, 1854); "Catalogue of American Books in the Library of the British Museum" (London, 1857) ; " Analytical Index to Colonial Documents of New Jersey in the State Paper Offices of England" (New York, 1858); "Catalogue of American Maps in the British Museum" (London, 1859); "Catalogue of Canadian Books in the British Museum" (1859); "Catalogue of Mexican and other Spanish-American and West Indian Books in the British Museum" (1859); "Bibliotheca Americana" (1861) ; "Historical Nuggets" (1862); " The Humboldt Library" (1863) ; "Historical and Geographical Notes on the Earliest Discoveries in America" (New Haven, 1869); "Bibliotheca historica" (Boston, 1870) ; "Schedule of 2,000 American Historical Nuggets" (London, 1870); "Sebastian Cabot--John Cabot = 0 " (Boston and London, 1870): "Bibliotheca geographica et historica" (part i., London, 1872) ; "American Books with Tails to 'Era" (1873); "Bibles in the Caxton Exhibition" (1878);" History of the Oxford Caxton Memorial Bible" (1878); "Photo-Bibliography" (1878) ; "Historical Collections " (2 vols., 1881-'6); "Who Spoils our New English Books?" (1885); and "Recollections of James Lenox" (1886). He also edited important works relating to American history, the latest being "The Dawn of British Trade to the East Indies" (London, 1886).--Another son, Benjamin Franklin, bibliographer, born in Barnet, Vermont, 19 February, 1833, entered Middlebury college, but on account of feeble health did not finish his course. He went to London to join his brother Henry in 1860, engaged in the bookselling business with him, married a daughter of the printer Whittingham, and after the death of his father-in-law had charge of the Chiswick press. He is United States despatch agent in London, is a purchasing agent there for American libraries, and sends English publications to the United States. Mr. Stevens has edited and published "The Campaign in Virginia in 1781," containing documents relating to the controversy between Sir Henry Clinton and Lord Cornwallis (2 vols., London, 1888), and is engaged in compiling a catalogue of manuscripts in the possession of European governments relating to American history, and especially to the colonial period.