BAYLEY, Richard, physician, born in Fairfield, Connecticut, in 1745; died on Staten Island, New York, 17 August. 1801. He studied medicine under Dr. Charlton, and afterward in the hospitals of London. In 1772 he returned to New York and began to practice. At this period he devoted special attention to the pathology of croup, and suggested a new method for its treatment. His views became universally accepted, and he published "A View of the Croup" (1781). In 1775 he revisited England, where he studied and practiced under Dr. Hunter, and in the spring of 1776 returned to this country as surgeon in the English army under General Howe. This office he resigned in the following year, but remained in New York and continued in the practice of his profession until his death. In 1787 he began the delivery of lectures on surgery, and in 1788 his collection of specimens illustrating morbid anatomy were totally destroyed by the "doctor's mob." He was elected the first professor of anatomy in Columbia College (1792), a chair that he afterward (1793) exchanged for that of surgery. For some time he was health officer of the port of New York, and in that capacity he strenuously exerted himself to obtain the passage of proper quarantine laws, in which he was finally successful. The causes of yellow fever were very carefully studied by him, and in 1797 he published a work in which he contended that its origin was due entirely to local causes, and therefore that it was not contagious. His death was the result of ship fever contracted while visiting an emigrant ship that was crowded with passengers who had slept there during the night without ventilation.